Frequently Asked Question
Environment & Climate“Local meat is better than imported plants” (food miles)
Last reviewed: January 9, 2026
Summary
For most foods, production emissions dominate over transport emissions—especially for ruminant meat and dairy. Eating local can help in some cases, but shifting away from high-impact foods usually matters more than distance.
Supported by 2 cited sources
Evidence Summary
- Studies estimate transport is a minority of many foods’ total footprint; product choice often outweighs “miles.”
- Some categories (highly perishable air-freighted foods) are exceptions. Evidence quality: High Limitations / nuance: Transport share varies; do not overgeneralize. Bottom line: Choose lower-impact foods first; then optimize locality/seasonality.
Supporting Evidence
Sources & Evidence
2 sources cited across 2 claims
1
Food production emissions exceed transport emissions
Systematic ReviewFood-miles and the relative climate impacts… — Weber CL, Matthews HS. (2008)
Global food-miles account for nearly 20% of total food-systems emissions — Li M, et al. (2022)View source ↗
2
Food choice outweighs food miles for climate impact
Systematic ReviewFood-miles and the relative climate impacts… — Weber CL, Matthews HS. (2008)
Global food-miles account for nearly 20% of total food-systems emissions — Li M, et al. (2022)View source ↗